Basic Elements

1. Form                                                                                                                                                         The basic elements of a poem are line and stanza. Further distinction must be made between a lone of poetry which pauses most naturally in the end of the line,usually with a completed clause or with a punctuation which signify an ending of sentence,and a line of poetry which runs on the past end of the line into the next one before pausing naturally. The former is called end-stopped,the latter is known as runs on the past end of the line into the next one before pausing naturally. The former is called end-stopped, the latter is known as run-on line.
2. Diction                                                                                                                                                 Diction or word choice is one of a poet’s greatest tools. By choosing the exact word,not merely something,a poet convinces and draws a reader into a poem. By diction a poet is able to achieve the great power of the combination of sound, sense and meaning.
3. Sound(Rhyme)                                                                                                                                                          Rhyme is the pattern of repetition of sound in a poem. Here are some examples: time and rhyme,slow and grow, fleet and street, buying and crying etc.
4. Sense (figure of speech)                                                                                                                  A poet often uses it to state truths that more literal language cannot communicate. Here are some common figures of speech                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
   

• Metaphor : the figure of speech which compares one thing to another directly. Usually a metaphor is created thourgh the uses of some forms of the verb “to be”Example: oh, my love is a red, red rose.       
• Smile calls an attention to the comparison thourgh the use of word “like” or “as”Example: she walks in beauty like the night                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
• Personification is the process assigning human characteristics to non human objects,abstraction or ideas.Example: the wind stood up and gave a shot                                                                   
• Hyperbola employs excessive exaggeration. It is often used to produce a dramatic effect.Example :  I’ve told him a thousand times 

 5.  Meaning (content and message)                                                                                                          When we talk about the meaning of a poem, we are talking primarily about the content of a poem, what it tells, and the significance of it (the message). There are some poems with easily-grabbed meaning and there are some others that are quite difficult to be understood.

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